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The strength of these currents depends on the intensity of the outside magnetic field. Low-frequency magnetic fields induce circulating currents within the human body. They cause current to flow through the body to the ground. When electric fields act on conductive materials, they influence the distribution of electric charges at their surface. Low-frequency electric fields influence the human body just as they influence any other material made up of charged particles. Even the heart is electrically active - an activity that your doctor can trace with the help of an electrocardiogram. Most biochemical reactions from digestion to brain activities go along with the rearrangement of charged particles. For example, nerves relay signals by transmitting electric impulses. Tiny electrical currents exist in the human body due to the chemical reactions that occur as part of the normal bodily functions, even in the absence of external electric fields. Everyone is exposed to a complex mix of weak electric and magnetic fields, both at home and at work, from the generation and transmission of electricity, domestic appliances and industrial equipment, to telecommunications and broadcasting. However, during the 20th century, environmental exposure to artificial electromagnetic fields has been steadily increasing as growing electricity demand, ever-advancing technologies and changes in social behaviour have created more and more artificial sources. The length of the rope remains constant, therefore, the more waves you generate (higher frequency) the smaller will be the distance between them (shorter wavelength).Įxposure to electromagnetic fields is not a new phenomenon.
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Moving it up and then down slowly will generate a single big wave more rapid motion will generate a whole series of small waves.
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Hence wavelength and frequency are inseparably intertwined: the higher the frequency the shorter the wavelength.Ī simple analogy should help to illustrate the concept: Tie a long rope to a door handle and keep hold of the free end. The frequency simply describes the number of oscillations or cycles per second, while the term wavelength describes the distance between one wave and the next. One can imagine electromagnetic waves as series of very regular waves that travel at an enormous speed, the speed of light. Fields of different frequencies interact with the body in different ways. One of the main characteristics which defines an electromagnetic field (EMF) is its frequency or its corresponding wavelength.
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And various kinds of higher frequency radiowaves are used to transmit information – whether via TV antennas, radio stations or mobile phone base stations. The electricity that comes out of every power socket has associated low frequency electromagnetic fields. Human-made sources of electromagnetic fieldsīesides natural sources the electromagnetic spectrum also includes fields generated by human-made sources: X-rays are employed to diagnose a broken limb after a sport accident. The earth's magnetic field causes a compass needle to orient in a North-South direction and is used by birds and fish for navigation. Electric fields are produced by the local build-up of electric charges in the atmosphere associated with thunderstorms. Natural sources of electromagnetic fieldsĮlectromagnetic fields are present everywhere in our environment but are invisible to the human eye. If current does flow, the strength of the magnetic field will vary with power consumption but the electric field strength will be constant. An electric field will exist even when there is no current flowing. Electric fields are created by differences in voltage: the higher the voltage, the stronger will be the resultant field. Magnetic fields are created when electric current flows: the greater the current, the stronger the magnetic field.
